Aftermath and Civil War
Initial Proclamation of the New Liberal Directorate, April 29, 1948
Memorandum from Frederick Oechsner to Howland Sargeant, May 4, 1948
Telegram #137 from Secretary of State Marshall to Bogotá Embassy, May 5, 1948
Bogotá Revolution, May 13, 1948
G-2 Report: Changes in Estimate of the Situation, May 11, 1948
Oechsner now employed as Special Assistant Office of Information. For your information, June 2 1947 story you mention personally cleared by Eddy before publication.
Telegram from Secretary of State Marshall to Montevideo Embassy, May 13, 1948Frederick Oechsner presently with Department requests closer identification his story to which you refer as being published June 2, 1947.. At that time Oechsner still with Scripps-Howard but no record article such as you describe.
Telegram from Montevideo Embassy to Secretary of State, circa May 1948I have the honor to report the first appearance of Resistencia, a clandestine Communist revolutionary pamphlet calling for a "popular revolution" to seek the overthrow of the "rightist dictatorship, the hangman government and oligarchy of OSPINA Pérez and the speculator clan."
Clandestine Communist Publication Urges New Attempt at "Popular Revolution"; Appeals to Army, May 17, 1948Telegram #337 from Ambassador Beaulac to Secretary of State, May 21, 1948
On May 14, Alvaro GARCIA Herrera told the undersigned that the home of Antonio GARCIA, well-known Gaitanista, had been "inspected" by the Government during the events of April 9 and 10, and that an extensive correspondence between him and Romulo BETANCOURT had been uncovered. None of it was recent; however, it covered the period after Betancourt had assumed leadership in Venezuela. The correspondence set forth detailed plans for the establishment of leftist revolutionary parties in Chile, Perú, Bolivia, Ecuador, and Colombia, all similar to that established in Venezuela.
Memorandum from Roy Rubottom to Ambassador Beaulac, May 21, 1948Letter from Bancroft Reifsnyder to Ambassador Beaulac, May 24, 1948
Telegram #340 from Ambassador Beaulac to Secretary of State, May 25, 1948
Summary of Events Which Transpired in Colombia Since April 9, 1948, May 26, 1948
Exit Laureano Gómez, May 28, 1948
Attack by Laureano GOMEZ on GAITAN, Quoting U.S. Intelligence Sources, June 7, 1948
Memorandum from William Wieland to Ambassador Beaulac, June 10, 1948
Activities of Señor Laureano GOMEZ, Former Minister of State, June 29, 1948
Memorandum of Conversation with the Foreign Minister, Dr. Eduardo Zuleta Angel, July 8, 1948
Communist Boss Tells TIME Reporter of Points of Agreement with Leftist Liberals, August 19, 1948
III-4 Research and intelligence work, August 25, 1948
I have the honor to report an interview by Marxist Liberal Representative Jorge URIBE Márquez, of Cundinamarca in the November 6 issue of the new Gaitanista weekly publication La Palabra Encadenada, forseeing a possible Liberal revolution in Colombia. Uribe, who was one of the original founders of the Communist Party in Colombia, later joined the Liberal Party and became one of the earliest supporters of the late Liberal Party Chief Jorge Eliécer GAITAN. As co-editor of the Gaitanista newspaper Jornada, he opposed Gaitán's policy of accepting moderate Liberals into the inner circles of the Gaitanista political movement. This caused him to fall into the disfavor of Gaitán, who forced his resignation from Jornada. After Gaitán's assassination on April 9, he rose again into the front ranks of the leftist Liberal movement. Subsequently, he served continually on the National Liberal Directorate until the moderate Liberals ousted the Gaitanista majority on the Directorate in October.
President of House, in Interview Sees Possible Liberal Revolution, November 24, 1948Movimiento Popular Liberal, December 20, 1948
New "Leftist Liberal Command" Provokes Open Breach in Former Gaitanista Ranks, December 28, 1948
Liberal Laborers Attack Communist Rally, January 18, 1949
Leftist Liberal Command Attacks Party Directorate in Manifesto, January 19, 1949
Airgram #58 from Ambassador Beaulac to Secretary of State, January 21, 1949
Liberal Party Activities, February 2, 1949
Violence continuing as incident at Chita in Northern Boyaca April 14 resulted in 21 killed, according Government estimate. Sporadic outbreaks widespread with both parties apparently responsible. Appointment of Army officers as Commanders National Police in 14 departments April 20 expected contribute to Government's effort pacification areas of violence. Extremist press attitude not conducive moderation.
Telegram from SANA to CS USAF, April 22, 1949Telegram from SANA to CS USAF, May 13, 1949
Telegram from Air Attache to DINTA, May 20, 1949
Reporting Incident Involving Colonel Gustavo Rojas Pinilla Whose Removal Was Requested of President by Liberals, May 27, 1949
Political situation continues to deteriorate. Government has discharged all administration personnel in national police.
Telegram from Ambassador Beaulac to Secretary of State, October 20, 1949Telegram from SANA to DINTA, October 21, 1949
Despite relatively large number of dead and wounded in Cali disturbances, situation not considered dangerous for time being. As yet there has been no real mob violence. Attacks so far directed against police headquarters and political offices and quiet readily restored when troops moved in.
Telegram from USCONSUL Cali to Secretary of State, October 24, 1949Several usually reliable sources have indicated that for several months recruiting program has excluded Liberals. At present only Conservatives being recruited and these assigned to departments other than their own.
Telegram from Military Attache to CSGID, November 8, 1949Bogota calm during and after first night of state of seige. Strict censorship imposed last night on radio and press. Government radio reports other parts of country calm. Decree issued prohibiting any type of manifestation or public gathering. Army and military police in control of Bogota.
Telegram from Air Attache to CSUSAF, November 10, 1949Reported violence in larger Colombian cities decreasing as Army troops take over. Bogota still calm. As yet no action indicated from Liberal Party.
Telegram from Air Attache to DINTA, November 11, 1949
